A friend, Jeff Brothers, posted this information he authored on his Facebook page back in 2011. It was so insightful. It stuck with me. He reposted it this Christmas. I read it again still amazed at the wonder of it all.
This morning I thought of it again so I decided to paste his post here. It is a pattern for me to follow as I pursue a similar type question on another person in the Christmas story. More on that another day. For now enjoy a new view from the stable ...
Who were the shepherds who first received the news of the birth of the Messiah?
A thought came to me. Why did the Heavenly Host appear to the shepherds in the field who were watching their flock by night. After Yeshua was born there appeared to the shepherds an angel/messenger of the Lord saying, "Fear not for behold I bring you tidings of great joy which will be to all of the people. For to you is born this day in the town of David (Bethlehem) a Savior, Who is Christ (the Messiah/Passover Lamb) the Lord! And this will be a sign for you [by which you will recognize Him]; you find a Baby wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a manger [feeding trough]."
Story account in Luke 2:1-20
So why these shepherds. We know that God does nothing without purpose and every detail is complete. So why did the angels proclaim the birth of the Christ to these particular shepherds?
I started wondering if maybe these shepherds were raising temple lambs. Ones that would be sacrificed at the next Passover. From Hebrew tradition and records Bethlehem did have flocks of sheep being raised for temple sacrifices. I found many articles and have added part of one in this blog.
We know through scripture that the Lord provided the sacrifice for Abraham when he was to offer Isaac. We know that in Genesis 22:14 the Lord says I will provide the sacrifice.
We also know that Yeshua is the Lamb that takes away the sins of the world. He was born in the place where the sacrificial lambs were being raised.
Here's part of one of many articles I have found:
The popular conception that the word "manger" refers to a trough where animals were fed may be accurate. However, it could mean simply a stall. The Greek word, which is translated in our English Bibles "manger" is Yatnh phat-ne (pronounced fat'-nay). The definition of the word is of a "stall" where animals are kept and in Luke 13:15 is translated as such. In the Septuagint (Greek translation of the Old Testament) the word means a stall or a crib (See Proverbs 14:4). The question is what kind of "stall" or manger is the New Testament referring to and what kind of animal was fed or housed there.
Although the New Testament does not tell us where in Bethlehem Jesus was born, the Old Testament does. Micah 4:8 states, "And thou, O tower of the flock, the strong hold of the daughter of Zion, unto thee shall it come, even the first dominion; the kingdom shall come to the daughter of Jerusalem." ....
The phrase "tower of the flock" is the Hebrew phrase "Migdal Edar" [mig-dawl ay-der] and means a "watch tower of the flock." In ancient times this was a military tower to view into the valley just outside of Bethlehem to protect the city. Several of these military towers are recorded in the Old Testament (See Judges 8:71, 9:46, 9:51; 2 Kings 9:17, 18:8; Nehemiah 3:1) The tower at Bethlehem is first mentioned in Genesis 35:21, "And Israel journeyed, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Edar ("tower of Edar" - migdal edar). After Jacob left Bethel he came to Edar (the tower) and there Rachael began hard labor and as she delivered Benjamin she died and was buried there in Ephrath which is Bethlehem" (Gen. 35:19). After burying Rachael, Jacob moved his flocks beyond the tower of Edar. This would pinpoint the location as being near to what is present day Bethlehem. Clearly, this establishes that Migdal Edar, "the tower of the flock" was in Bethlehem in Bible times.
This watchtower from ancient times was used by the shepherds for protection from their enemies and wild beasts. It was the place ewes were brought to give birth to the lambs. In this sheltered building/cave the priests would bring in the ewes which were about to lamb for protection. These special lambs came from a unique flock, which was designated for sacrifice at the temple in Jerusalem.
According to Edersheim in The Life And Times Of Jesus The Messiah, in Book 2, Chapter 6, states, "This Migdal Eder was not the watchtower for the ordinary flocks that pastured on the barren sheep ground beyond Bethlehem, but it lay close to the town, on the road to Jerusalem. A passage from the Mishnah (Shekelim 7:4) leads to the conclusion that the flocks which pastured there were destined for Temple sacrifices..."
In addition, Migdal Eder is also mentioned by the Targums and is translated "The Anointed One of the flock of Israel". Thus, Targum Yonatan, cited by Rabbi Munk, paraphrases Genesis 35:23 and Micah 4:8, "He spread his tent beyond Migdal Eder, the place where King Messiah will reveal Himself at the end of days." What are we to make of all of this information from the writings of the rabbis? First, we know that Migdal Eder was the watchtower that guarded the Temple flocks that were being raised to serve as sacrificial animals in the Temple. These were not just any flock and herd. The shepherds who kept them were men who were specifically trained for this royal task. They were educated in what an animal, that was to be sacrificed, had to be and it was their job to make sure that none of the animals were hurt, damaged, or blemished." These lambs were apparently wrapped in "swaddling cloths" to protect them from injury – the same type of cloths used to wrap the baby Jesus.
Thus, with the establishment of Temple worship in Jerusalem, the fields outside of Bethlehem became the place where a special group of shepherds raised the lambs that were sacrificed in the Temple. Being themselves under special Rabbinical care, they would strictly maintain a ceremonially clean stable for a birthing place. The Tower of the Flock was used for birthing ewes, and the surrounding fields were where these shepherds grazed their flocks. These shepherds customarily kept their flocks outdoors twenty-four hours a day every day of the year, but brought the ewes in to deliver their lambs where they could be carefully cared. It was to this place that Joseph took Mary. It was in this special stable at "Migdal Edar" that Christ was born! How do we know? The Micah 4:8 tells us so!
Prophetically, "Migdal Edar" is the exact place in Bethlehem for Christ to be born. Micah was God's prophet who was warning Israel of the coming captivity. He used the authenticating prophecy of the Assyrian captivity of the Northern Kingdom (soon to occur when he foretold it) to serve as a reminder to Israel of God's promised Kingdom. God wanted them to know that even though they would be taken from their land because of their disobedience that He would restore them in time. Micah 4:7 establishes the context of the passage and clearly is a Messianic prophecy of the coming of the Millennial Kingdom when Jesus Christ will reign over Jerusalem forever. ". . .LORD shall reign over them in mount Zion from henceforth, even for ever." In other words God was assuring Israel that He would fulfill His promises to them of the Kingdom. In Micah 4:8 the word is rendered "tower of the flock" (marg., "Edar"), and is used as a designation of Bethlehem, which figuratively represents the royal line of David as sprung from Bethlehem.
In this setting, Micah (Micah 4:8) uses the prophecy of the Babylonian captivity of the Southern Kingdom as a pledge to guarantee (authenticating prophecy) of the birth of Christ at "Migdal Edar" at Bethlehem which is exactly where it took place! Micah prophesied that as surely as Assyrians would soon carry away Israel in the North, so the Messiah would come and establish His kingdom, the "first dominion, the kingdom shall come to Jerusalem." The verse states that as surely as Babylon would carry away the Judah, in the South, into captivity, so the Messiah would arrive at the Tower of the Flock. This prophecy was but one other evidence that later proved that Jesus was the Messiah, but one that Israel ignored in rejecting Him as their Messiah.
Who were the shepherds who first received the news of the birth of the Messiah?
Luke 2:8-18 records that there were shepherds in the fields keeping watch over their sheep by night. Who then were these shepherds? Without question these were shepherds who resided near Bethlehem They were none other but the shepherds from "Migdal Edar" who were well aware that the Targum hinted and many of the rabbis taught that Messiah might well be announced from "Migdal Edar" at Bethlehem. The angels only told the shepherds that they would find the Babe wrapped in "swaddling cloths and lying in a manger." There was no need for the angels to give these shepherds directions to the birth place because they all ready knew. These were the men who raised sacrificial lambs that were sacrificed in the Temple. When the angelic announcement came, they knew exactly where to go, as Luke 2 indicates, for the sign of a manger could only mean their manger at the tower of the flock! You cannot explain the meaning or direction of the sign they were given or their response unless you have the right manger and the right shepherds!
Typically, "Migdal Edar", (the tower of the flock) at Bethlehem is the perfect place for Christ to be born. He was born in the very birthplace where tens of thousands of lambs, which had been sacrificed to prefigure Him. God promised it, pictured it and performed it at "Migdal Edar". It all fits together, for that's the place the place where sacrificial lambs were born! Jesus was not born behind an inn, in a smelly stable where the donkeys of travelers and other animals were kept. He was born in Bethlehem, at the birthing place of the sacrificial lambs that were offered in the Temple in Jerusalem which Micah 4:8 calls the "tower of the flock."
John the Baptist in John 1:29 proclaimed of Jesus, "Behold the Lamb of God, which takes away the sin of the world." Jesus is presented in the Bible as being "in type" as a sacrificial lamb. It was not by chance but by choice that Christ identified His death with the time of the observance of the Passover. Peter spoke of our redemption as wrought by the "precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot"( 1 Pet. 1:19); and Paul told us that "Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us" ( 1 Cor. 5:7). Even the first fulfilled type by which Christ is to be revealed in Heaven is as the Lamb (Rev. 5:6-13).
God in Micah 4:8 prophetically foretold that Jesus the Messiah would be born at the Tower of the Flock (Migdal Edar) in the place where the lambs were raised that were used in the Temple sacrifices in Jerusalem approximately three miles away. It was to the shepherds that tended these special flocks that the angels appeared to and first proclaimed the birth of the Messiah, Jesus. Luke's account does not record that the angels told the shepherds where the manger was, because they already knew where the lambs were born. It was in the "tower of the flock", where there were ceremonially clean stalls, carefully maintained by Temple priests who oversaw the birth of each lamb. It certainly was not a smelly unclean stable full of donkeys and other animals. This was a special sheep birthing place where Jesus, "the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world" was born. (John 1:29, 36). God in His plan could not have chosen a more appropriate place for the birth of the Lord Jesus Christ.
(End of this article)
So you can see that nothing happened without a perfected design. Right down to very letter. The Lamb of God Who takes away the sins of the world - was born among the other Passover lambs.
Only thing - He would be the Only Passover Lamb once and for ALL!
P.S. You can read about Jeff's latest book at
http://www.singled-in.net/.